JLPT N5
N5 Kanji
N5 Vocabulary
N5 Grammar
JLPT N4
N4 Kanji
N4 Vocabulary
N4 Grammar
JLPT N3
N3 Kanji
N3 Vocabulary
N3 Grammar
JLPT N2
N2 Kanji
N2 Vocabulary
N2 Grammar
JLPT N1
N1 Kanji
N1 Vocabulary
N1 Grammar
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JLPT N5
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JLPT N4
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JLPT N3
Kanji
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JLPT N2
Kanji
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JLPT N1
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JLPT N5 Grammar - Page 5
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Grammar
N5
ことができる
•
Can do; be able to
Usage Context:
Used to express ability or possibility in both written and spoken contexts.
Formation:
Verb (dictionary form) + ことができる
つもり
•
Intend to..
Usage Context:
Used to express one’s intentions or plans in a conversation.
Formation:
Verb (dictionary form) + つもり
がある or がいる
•
To have (non-living things / living things)
Usage Context:
Typically used to indicate the presence or existence of objects, people, or animals.
Formation:
Noun + が + ある (for non-living things) / いる (for living things)
ほしい
•
To want something
Usage Context:
Used when the speaker wants to express their desire for a noun.
Formation:
Noun + が + ほしい
に行く or に来る
•
To go to do; to come to do
Usage Context:
Used to express the reason or purpose of going to or coming to a location.
Formation:
Verb (stem form) + に行く / に来る
たい
•
Want to...
Usage Context:
Used to express one's desire or wish to perform an action.
Formation:
Verb stem + たい
あげる or くれる or もらう
•
Giving and receiving expressions
Usage Context:
These expressions are commonly used in daily conversation to describe giving and receiving actions among people.
Formation:
Verb te-form + あげる / くれる / もらう
から~まで
•
From... to...
Usage Context:
Used to specify a starting point and an ending point in both time and space.
Formation:
Noun + から Noun + まで
前に
•
Before doing..
Usage Context:
Used when you want to describe an action that happens before another action.
Formation:
Verb (dictionary form) + 前に
後で
•
after doing
Usage Context:
Used to describe sequential actions, where one occurs after the completion of another.
Formation:
Verb (た-form) + 後で
たら
•
~tara
Usage Context:
Used to describe a condition that, if met, will result in a certain outcome.
Formation:
Verb-casual, past + ら
ば
•
Conditional form ('if')
Usage Context:
This form is used when discussing potential situations and their outcomes.
Formation:
For verbs: Change the verb to its e-form and add ば (e.g., 食べる -> 食べれば). For i-adjectives: Change ...
し
•
~shi
Usage Context:
Used to give multiple reasons or list related statements in informal speech.
Formation:
Verb (plain form) + し / い-adjective (plain form) + し / な-adjective + だし / Noun + だし
のに
•
Despite; although
Usage Context:
Used when expressing a contrasting situation or unexpected outcome.
Formation:
Verb (plain form) + のに; い-adjective (plain form) + のに; な-adjective (dictionary form) + な + のに; No...
だけでなく~も
•
Not only... but also...
Usage Context:
Used to emphasize that both elements or actions are applicable or true.
Formation:
Noun + だけでなく + Noun + も
こと
•
Nominalizer
Usage Context:
Used to turn verbs into nouns when referring to activities or facts.
Formation:
Verb (dictionary form) + こと
ように
•
So that; in order to
Usage Context:
Used when expressing the purpose of an action with the intent or hope for a certain outcome.
Formation:
Verb (dictionary form) + ように or Verb (potential form) + ように
ために
•
For the sake of; in order to
Usage Context:
Used to express the purpose or reason for an action.
Formation:
Verb (dictionary form) + ために; Noun + のために
なさい
•
Command or instruction
Usage Context:
Used to give direct orders or instructions, typically by someone in a higher position or by a parent to a child.
Formation:
Verb stem + なさい
ずに
•
Without doing
Usage Context:
Used to express doing something without doing something else.
Formation:
Verb (negative ず form) + に
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