JLPT N5 Grammar - Page 5

Study JLPT N5 grammar patterns

ことができる
•
Can do; be able to
Usage Context: Used to express ability or possibility in both written and spoken contexts.
Formation: Verb (dictionary form) + ことができる
つもり
•
Intend to..
Usage Context: Used to express one’s intentions or plans in a conversation.
Formation: Verb (dictionary form) + つもり
がある or がいる
•
To have (non-living things / living things)
Usage Context: Typically used to indicate the presence or existence of objects, people, or animals.
Formation: Noun + が + ある (for non-living things) / いる (for living things)
ほしい
•
To want something
Usage Context: Used when the speaker wants to express their desire for a noun.
Formation: Noun + が + ほしい
に行く or に来る
•
To go to do; to come to do
Usage Context: Used to express the reason or purpose of going to or coming to a location.
Formation: Verb (stem form) + に行く / に来る
たい
•
Want to...
Usage Context: Used to express one's desire or wish to perform an action.
Formation: Verb stem + たい
あげる or くれる or もらう
•
Giving and receiving expressions
Usage Context: These expressions are commonly used in daily conversation to describe giving and receiving actions among people.
Formation: Verb te-form + あげる / くれる / もらう
から～まで
•
From... to...
Usage Context: Used to specify a starting point and an ending point in both time and space.
Formation: Noun + から Noun + まで
前に
•
Before doing..
Usage Context: Used when you want to describe an action that happens before another action.
Formation: Verb (dictionary form) + 前に
後で
•
after doing
Usage Context: Used to describe sequential actions, where one occurs after the completion of another.
Formation: Verb (た-form) + 後で
たら
•
~tara
Usage Context: Used to describe a condition that, if met, will result in a certain outcome.
Formation: Verb-casual, past + ら
ば
•
Conditional form ('if')
Usage Context: This form is used when discussing potential situations and their outcomes.
Formation: For verbs: Change the verb to its e-form and add ば (e.g., 食べる -> 食べれば). For i-adjectives: Change ...
し
•
~shi
Usage Context: Used to give multiple reasons or list related statements in informal speech.
Formation: Verb (plain form) + し / い-adjective (plain form) + し / な-adjective + だし / Noun + だし
のに
•
Despite; although
Usage Context: Used when expressing a contrasting situation or unexpected outcome.
Formation: Verb (plain form) + のに; い-adjective (plain form) + のに; な-adjective (dictionary form) + な + のに; No...
だけでなく～も
•
Not only... but also...
Usage Context: Used to emphasize that both elements or actions are applicable or true.
Formation: Noun + だけでなく + Noun + も
こと
•
Nominalizer
Usage Context: Used to turn verbs into nouns when referring to activities or facts.
Formation: Verb (dictionary form) + こと
ように
•
So that; in order to
Usage Context: Used when expressing the purpose of an action with the intent or hope for a certain outcome.
Formation: Verb (dictionary form) + ように or Verb (potential form) + ように
ために
•
For the sake of; in order to
Usage Context: Used to express the purpose or reason for an action.
Formation: Verb (dictionary form) + ために; Noun + のために
なさい
•
Command or instruction
Usage Context: Used to give direct orders or instructions, typically by someone in a higher position or by a parent to a child.
Formation: Verb stem + なさい
ずに
•
Without doing
Usage Context: Used to express doing something without doing something else.
Formation: Verb (negative ず form) + に
Showing 20 of 114
Page 5 of 6