JLPT N5 Grammar - Page 6

Study JLPT N5 grammar patterns

なくてもいい
•
Not required to do
Usage Context: Use this form when you want to convey that performing a specific action is not required.
Formation: Verb in negative form + なくてもいい
なくちゃ
•
Something you must do or need to do
Usage Context: Used in casual conversations to express an obligation or necessity.
Formation: Affirmative verb in its negative stem (verb-ない form without い) + なくちゃ
なくてはならない
•
Expresses necessity or obligation
Usage Context: Used when talking about actions that are obligatory or necessary to perform.
Formation: Verb (negative form) + なくてはならない
なる
•
to become
Usage Context: Used to express a change in state or condition.
Formation: Verb dictionary form + ようになる, Noun + になる, い-adjective -い + くなる, な-adjective + になる.
んです
•
~ndesu
Usage Context: Used to provide explanations or emphasize reasons when asked a question or when volunteering information.
Formation: Verb (plain form) + んです; い-adjective + んです; な-adjective + な + んです; Noun + な + んです
のです
•
Conveys an explanation or adds emphasis
Usage Context: Commonly used to offer explanations or to emphasize a point in conversation.
Formation: Verb (plain form) + のです / い-adjective (plain form) + のです / な-adjective + な + のです / Noun + なので + のです
にする
•
To choose or make a decision on something.
Usage Context: Used to indicate a choice or decision regarding an action or item.
Formation: Noun + にする
の中で〇〇が一番
•
〇〇 is the best among 〜
Usage Context: Used when comparing items or people to state which one is the best or most preferred.
Formation: Use this form with nouns. Example: 〜の中で一番好きな食べ物 (The favorite food among 〜).
しかし
•
however
Usage Context: Used to introduce a contrasting point or idea.
Formation: Used at the beginning of a sentence to contrast with the previous statement.
それから
•
After that
Usage Context: Used to describe a sequence or order of events in a narrative or explanation.
Formation: Used to connect two sentences or actions, indicating that one follows another.
そして
•
and then; thus
Usage Context: Used to connect sequential or related actions or thoughts in a narrative.
Formation: Used to link sentences or clauses.
Aより～B（の）ほうが
•
[B] is better than [A]
Usage Context: Used to express preference or comparison between two things.
Formation: A noun or adjective is typically followed by より, then the other noun or adjective followed by のほうが.
はどうですか
•
How about ~? / How is ~?
Usage Context: Used to ask for an opinion or suggestion about something.
Formation: Noun + はどうですか
てある
•
State resulting from an action
Usage Context: Used to describe a situation where an action has been completed and its effects are still present.
Formation: Verb (te-form) + ある
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