JLPT N5 Grammar - Page 2

Study JLPT N5 grammar patterns

たり～たりする
•
Doing things like... and...
Usage Context: Used when giving examples of actions or states among a list that implies other actions or states as well. Often used ...
Formation: Verb (た-form) + り + Verb (た-form) + り + する
たことがある
•
Have done... (experience)
Usage Context: Commonly used to describe past experiences.
Formation: Verb (past casual form) + ことがある
ないといけない
•
Must do...; have to...
Usage Context: This form is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to express obligation or necessity.
Formation: Verb in negative form + といけない
なくてはいけない
•
Must do...; have to....
Usage Context: Used to express necessity or obligation in daily conversations.
Formation: Verb in negative form (ない form) + なくてはいけない
なければならない
•
Must do; have to
Usage Context: Used to express a strong obligation to do something, similar to 'must' or 'have to' in English.
Formation: Verb (Negative Form) + なければならない
でしょう
•
~deshou
Usage Context: Used to express uncertainty or probability.
Formation: Use でしょう after plain forms: Verbs, Adjectives, Nouns.
だろう
•
Probably; I think (informal)
Usage Context: Used when making a guess or prediction without strong certainty in casual conversations.
Formation: Attach to dictionary form of verbs, and to i-adjectives or na-adjectives in plain form. Also used...
かもしれません
•
Might...; may...
Usage Context: Used when expressing uncertainty or a guess about something.
Formation: Verb (casual form) + かもしれません / い-adjective + かもしれません / な-adjective + かもしれません / Noun + かもしれません
と思います
•
I think that...
Usage Context: Used when expressing a personal opinion or thought.
Formation: Verb (plain form) + と思います / い-Adjective (plain form) + と思います / な-Adjective + だ + と思います / Noun + だ...
と言います
•
To say that...
Usage Context: This form is used to report what someone says or to introduce one's name.
Formation: When using ～と言います, attach ～と to a statement or a name followed by 言います.
やすい
•
Easy to...
Usage Context: Used to express that an action is easy to perform.
Formation: Verb stem + やすい
にくい
•
Difficult to...
Usage Context: This form is used when you want to indicate that some action is difficult to carry out.
Formation: Verb（ます form without ます） + にくい
すぎる
•
Too much...; excessively...
Usage Context: Used when expressing that an action or state is excessive or too much.
Formation: Verb stem + すぎる; i-adjective stem (remove final い) + すぎる; na-adjective stem (remove な) + すぎる.
ほうがいい
•
Had better...; should...
Usage Context: Used when giving advice or suggesting what someone should do.
Formation: Verb (Past tense) + ほうがいい\nVerb (Negative present tense) + ほうがいい
のが好きです
•
Like doing ~
Usage Context: Used to express a preference for an action or activity.
Formation: Verb (dictionary form) + のが好きです
のが上手です
•
Good at doing...
Usage Context: Used when you want to describe someone's skill or proficiency in a particular activity.
Formation: Verb (dictionary form) + のが上手です
のが下手です
•
Bad at doing...
Usage Context: Used to describe someone's lack of skill in a particular activity or action.
Formation: Verb (dictionary form) + のが下手です
だけ
•
Only; just
Usage Context: Used to limit the amount or extent of an action, object, or description.
Formation: Verb (plain form) + だけ / Noun + だけ / Adjective (plain form) + だけ
しか～ない
•
Only; nothing but...
Usage Context: This form is used to express exclusivity or limitation in Japanese, often when only one certain thing is available.
Formation: Noun + しか + Negative verb
もう
•
already; anymore
Usage Context: Used to express completion or the state of something being done; also used to imply 'not anymore' in negative sentences.
Formation: もう + Verb/Adjective/Noun
Showing 20 of 114 grammar patterns
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Study Tips for N5

Understand Patterns

Focus on understanding the underlying patterns rather than memorizing individual examples.

Practice with Examples

Create your own sentences using each grammar pattern to reinforce understanding.

Learn Context

Pay attention to when and how each grammar pattern is used in different situations.

Build Gradually

Start with basic patterns and gradually build up to more complex structures.