JLPT N4 Grammar - Page 4

Study JLPT N4 grammar patterns

いらっしゃる
•
To come; to go; to be (polite)
Usage Context: Used primarily in formal and respectful contexts, such as speaking to or about someone of higher status.
Formation: Generally used in formal contexts to show respect when talking about someone's actions (e.g., com...
~かどうか
•
whether or not; if it is true
Usage Context: Used to indicate uncertainty about a statement or to inquire about its truthfulness.
Formation: Verb (plain form) + かどうか; い-adjective + かどうか; な-adjective + かどうか; Noun + かどうか
きっと
•
surely
Usage Context: Used when expressing a high degree of certainty about something.
Formation: [きっと] + Verb/Adjective/Noun
てくれる
•
To do something for me (familiar)
Usage Context: Used when someone else does something for the speaker's benefit.
Formation: Verb in て-form + くれる
てすみません
•
Sorry for doing something
Usage Context: Used to apologize for an action that has occurred, often in more formal or polite settings.
Formation: Verb て-form + すみません
〇〇とか〇〇とか
•
Things like...; among other things..
Usage Context: Used in informal spoken contexts to list examples.
Formation: Noun とか Noun とか
って
•
You said; he said; they said.
Usage Context: Used in casual conversations to report what someone said.
Formation: Use at the end of a sentence to indicate reported speech in a casual conversation. Often follows ...
じゃないか
•
Isn't it?; don't you think?
Usage Context: Used commonly in both spoken and informal written Japanese to seek confirmation or agreement.
Formation: Attach to the end of a sentence; usually with plain form verbs, adjectives, and nouns.
なさい
•
Command or instruction
Usage Context: Used to give direct orders or instructions, typically by someone in a higher position or by a parent to a child.
Formation: Verb stem + なさい
ということ
•
It means; so that means...
Usage Context: Used in explanations to indicate that a previous statement has a specific meaning.
Formation: Noun + ということ, Verb (Plain form) + ということ
間
•
Space between; interval
Usage Context: Used to talk about the time or space between two points or during a period something continues.
Formation: Noun + 間 (aida) / Verb (dictionary form) + 間
に気がつく
•
to notice; to become aware of
Usage Context: Used when expressing realization or becoming aware of something you hadn't noticed before.
Formation: Noun + に気がつく; Verb (dictionary form) + ことに気がつく
させる
•
To make someone do something
Usage Context: Used when someone in a position of authority wants someone else to perform an action.
Formation: Verb root + させる
てみる
•
To try doing something
Usage Context: Use it when you want to try something for the first time or see how it works.
Formation: Verb て-form + みる
やすい
•
Easy to...
Usage Context: Used to express that an action is easy to perform.
Formation: Verb stem + やすい
〇〇がする
•
It smells; it feels; it sounds.
Usage Context: Used frequently to talk about how things are perceived by senses like smell or sound.
Formation: Noun + がする
なさる
•
to do (polite)
Usage Context: Used when you want to show respect in doing something, often towards someone of higher status.
Formation: Used as a polite expression for the verb 'する' (suru).
らしい
•
Seems like; appears like
Usage Context: Used when giving information that is not confirmed by the speaker directly, often based on hearsay.
Formation: Verb (plain form) + らしい; Noun + らしい; い-adjective (stem) + らしい; な-adjective (stem) + らしい
てやる
•
To do something for someone (familiar)
Usage Context: Used when offering help to someone in a casual or familiar setting.
Formation: Verb て-form + やる
さ
•
~ness
Usage Context: This form is used to create a noun representing the degree or measure of the adjective.
Formation: This is used with adjectives, specifically the -i adjectives, by removing the -i and adding -sa. ...
Showing 20 of 124 grammar patterns
Page 4 of 7

Study Tips for N4

Understand Patterns

Focus on understanding the underlying patterns rather than memorizing individual examples.

Practice with Examples

Create your own sentences using each grammar pattern to reinforce understanding.

Learn Context

Pay attention to when and how each grammar pattern is used in different situations.

Build Gradually

Start with basic patterns and gradually build up to more complex structures.