JLPT N1 Grammar - Page 11

Study JLPT N1 grammar patterns

とはいうものの
•
Having said that; be that as it may
Usage Context: It is used when acknowledging a fact and then mentioning something contrary to it.
Formation: Verb普通形 (Futsūkei) + とはいうものの / い-adjective + とはいうものの / な-adjective + とはいうものの / Noun + とはいうものの
つ〜つ
•
alternating actions (～tsu ～tsu)
Usage Context: Used primarily in literary contexts or to describe hesitance or ambivalence.
Formation: Verb stem + つ + Verb stem + つ
はおろか
•
Let alone; not to mention
Usage Context: This form is used to highlight the difficulty or improbability of something in comparison to another seemingly simple...
Formation: Noun + はおろか
はさておき
•
Setting aside; putting aside
Usage Context: Used to temporarily dismiss a less important topic to address a more pressing one.
Formation: Noun + はさておき
や否や
•
The moment that; as soon as
Usage Context: Used to describe two closely timed events, where the second event happens immediately after the first.
Formation: Verb (dictionary form) + や否や
やしない
•
Not (emphatic negative)
Usage Context: Often used in casual speech when emphasizing disbelief or impossibility.
Formation: Conjugate the verb to the negative ない form and remove the い, then add やしない.
うが
•
No matter how/what
Usage Context: Used to express indifference to the outcome or actions of others.
Formation: Verb (Volitional form) + が
うが〜まいが
•
Whether ~ or not ~
Usage Context: Used to express indifference to two possible actions or states.
Formation: Verb volitional form + うが Verb negative stem + まいが
うか〜まいか
•
Whether or not
Usage Context: Used when expressing indecision or uncertainty about whether to perform an action.
Formation: Verb (volitional form) + か + Verb (negative volitional form まい) + か
うものなら
•
If one chooses to
Usage Context: Used to discuss hypothetical situations with potentially serious or undesirable outcomes.
Formation: Verb (dictionary form) + うものなら
うにも〜ない
•
Even if one tries to do something, it can’t be done
Usage Context: Used to express an inability to perform an action despite the intention or wish to do it.
Formation: Verb in volitional form (e.g., 行こう), followed by にも, then verb in negative form (e.g., 行けない).
ようによっては
•
Depending on how
Usage Context: Used to describe how a situation can vary based on different methods or ways of doing something.
Formation: Verb stem + ようによっては
ゆえに
•
Therefore; consequently
Usage Context: Used in formal writing or speech to indicate a cause or reason for something.
Formation: Noun + ゆえに
ざる
•
~zaru (Not; -un)
Usage Context: Primarily used in literature or set phrases. Rarely used in everyday conversation.
Formation: Negative form of archaic classical Japanese, mainly used in set phrases or literary contexts.
ずじまい
•
Never; end up not doing
Usage Context: Used to express regret or disappointment about not being able to do something by the end of a certain time period.
Formation: Verb + ずじまい
ずくめ
•
Entirely; completely
Usage Context: Used in contexts where something is entirely or completely one thing, usually describing an array of similar things o...
Formation: Noun + ずくめ
ずとも
•
Even without doing
Usage Context: Used when you want to express that something is understood or happens even if a certain action is not performed.
Formation: Verb (negative stem) + ずとも
所詮
•
After all
Usage Context: Used to express the inevitability or final conclusion of a situation.
Formation: Placed at the beginning of a sentence.
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Study Tips for N1

Understand Patterns

Focus on understanding the underlying patterns rather than memorizing individual examples.

Practice with Examples

Create your own sentences using each grammar pattern to reinforce understanding.

Learn Context

Pay attention to when and how each grammar pattern is used in different situations.

Build Gradually

Start with basic patterns and gradually build up to more complex structures.